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Docker实操

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基于Docker Tutorial的Docker 实操

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3c-iBn73dDE&t=4967s

Workflow with Docker

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Command

docker pull

抓取镜像（默认最新）

docker run postgres:9.6

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如果本地没有镜像，则自动下载最新版

docker images

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docker run redis

docker run = starts new container with a command

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docker ps

ps 相当于 list running containers

列举出运行中的容器

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ctrl + c

用于终止容器

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docker run -d

-d : in a detached mode

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docker stop + ID

docker stop = stops the container

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docker start + ID

docker start = starts stopped container

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docker ps -a

Docker ps -a = lists running and stopped container

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docker run redis:4.0

和pull的小区别：

​ docker run = pulls images and starts containers

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同一景象不同版本，

ports

CIONTAINER Port vs HOST Port

  • multiple container can run on host machine
  • laptop has only certain ports available
  • Conflict when same port on host machine

具体ports信息在logs里面可以看到

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占用相同端口之后需要人为修改绑定的端口

docker run -p6000:6379 redis

主机端口绑定容器端口

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当绑定新端口，就会创造新容器

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docker run -p6001:6379 redis4.0

不能使用同一端口了

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docker logs + ID/Name

搭配docker ps（查看docker ID）就可以查看logs

docker run -d -p 6001:6379 –name redis-older redis:4.0

–name 重命名

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重命名之后查看logs会简单很多

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docker exec -it ID或者name /bin/bash

*: bash后面没有/

docker exec 命令用于在运行容器中运行命令。 该命令开始使用 docker exec 只在容器的主进程(PID 1)运行时运行，并且如果容器重新启动，则不重新启动该命令。

如果从这个容器退出，容器不会停止，这就是为什么推荐大家使用 docker exec 的原因。

  • -i : 交互式操作。
  • -t : 终端
  • /bin/bash：放在镜像名后的是命令，这里我们希望有个交互式 Shell，因此用的是 /bin/bash

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退出exec

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docker run vs start
  • docker run will take an image with a specific version(attributes)

​ is used to create a new container

​ docker run -d -p –name

  • docker start is working with container

​ is used to restart a stopped container

docker rm -f ID

删除container

*：

docker container prune

清理掉所有处于终止状态的容器。

docker network ls

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docker network create Name

创建docker网络

-e: 设置环境变量

可以在docker hub上找到https://hub.docker.com/_/mongo

start mongodb

docker run -d \

-p 27017:27017 \

-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin \

-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=password \

–net mongo-network \

–name mongodb \

mongo

start mongo-express

docker run -d \

-p 8081:8081 \

-e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME=admin \

-e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD=password \

-e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER=mongodb \

–net mongo-network \

–name mongo-express\

mongo-express

docker run -d -p 8081:8081 -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME=admin -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD=password -e ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER=mongodb –net mongo-network –name mongo-express mongo-express

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用\换行

mongodb报错

(base) caochao ~ > docker logs mongodb
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 31

如何进入？docker desktop

Docker Compose

mongo-docker-compose.yaml

version:’3’

services:

​ mongoldb:

​ image: mongo

​ ports:

​ - 27017:27017

​ environment:

​ - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin

​ ```

mongo-express:

​ image: mongo-express

​ ports:

​ - 8080:8080

​ environment:

​ - ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME=admin

​ ```

*: the network configuration is not in the docker compose

mongo.yaml
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version:'3'

services:

	mongoldb:

		image: mongo

		ports:

			- 27017:27017

		environment:

			- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin
			- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=password

	mongo-express:

		image: mongo-express

		ports:

			- 8080:8081

 		environment:

			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME=admin
			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD=password
			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER=mongodb
docker-compose -f mongo.yaml up

up: start all the containers

Dockerfile

Image Environment Blueprint
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install node



set MONGO_DB_USERNAME=admin

set MONGO_DB_PWD=password



create /home/app folder



copy curent folder files to /home/app

start the app with: "node server.js"
Dockerfile

COPY - executes on the HOST machine!

CMD - entrypoint command

​ We can have multiple RUN commands

Every image is always based on another image.

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FROM node

ENV MONGO_DB_USERNAME=admin \
		MONGO_DB_PWD=password

RUN mkdir -p /home/app

COPY ./home/app

CMD["node","server.js"]
docker-node/17/alpine3.15/Dockerfile

https://github.com/nodejs/docker-node/blob/6256caf2c507e7aafdeb8e7f837bab51f46f99e0/17/alpine3.15/Dockerfile

Create a dockerfile (old)
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FROM node:13-alpine

ENV MONGO_DB_USERNAME=admin \
		MONGO_DB_PWD=password

RUN mkdir -p /home/app

% . /home/app 有间隔
COPY . /home/app

CMD ["node","server.js"]

:**Name must be “Dockerfile”!*

复制指令，从上下文目录中复制文件或者目录到容器里指定路径。

上下文路径，是指 docker 在构建镜像，有时候想要使用到本机的文件（比如复制），docker build 命令得知这个路径后，会将路径下的所有内容打包。

解析：由于 docker 的运行模式是 C/S。我们本机是 C，docker 引擎是 S。实际的构建过程是在 docker 引擎下完成的，所以这个时候无法用到我们本机的文件。这就需要把我们本机的指定目录下的文件一起打包提供给 docker 引擎使用。

如果未说明最后一个参数，那么默认上下文路径就是 Dockerfile 所在的位置。

Build docker image based on dockerfile

docker build -t my-app:1.0 .

-t: tag

Q: . 代表本次执行的上下文路径

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App including Dockerfile is comitted to Git

Jenkins builds image from Dockerfile(like what we did)

docker run my-app:1.0

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docker rmi ID

  • rmi删容器

  • rm删镜像

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When you adjust the Dockerfile, you MUSt rebuild the Image

docker build -t my-app:1.0 .

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Docker Registry

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ecr/?id=docs_gatewayaws

AWS —> ECR (Fully-managed Docker container registry)

Amazon Elastic Container Registry
Share and deploy container software, publicly or privately

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Save different tags (versions) of the sane image

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how to push

view push command

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push command

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You always have to login to private repo! = docker login

Q: jenkin’s server?

Pre-Requisites

  1. AWS Cli needs to be installed

    https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/getting-started-install.html

  2. Credentials configured

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https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECR/latest/userguide/Registries.html#registry_auth

Set up AWS Credentials and Region for Development

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Solution:

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两个权限加上：

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push

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push一个更新的版本

  1. docker tag my-app:1.1 429996114549.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/my-app:1.1
  2. docker push 429996114549.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/my-app:1.1
如何从私人库pull一个image
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version:'3'

services:
	my-app:
		image: 429996114549.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/my-app:1.0
		ports
	mongoldb:

		image: mongo

		ports:

			- 27017:27017

		environment:

			- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin
			- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=password

	mongo-express:

		image: mongo-express

		ports:

			- 8080:8081

 		environment:

			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME=admin
			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD=password
			- ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER=mongodb